EORI number — who needs it and how to apply in Estonia
If your company imports goods from outside the European Union or exports goods out of the EU, customs will ask for an EORI number. The good news: applying is free and in Estonia it is done online via e-MTA.
What is an EORI number?
EORI (Economic Operators Registration and Identification) is a business identifier used in all customs procedures across the European Union. A company can hold only one valid EORI number, and it is valid in every EU member state.
An EORI number is not the same as your company registry code or VAT number — it is a separate registration you have to apply for.
Who needs an EORI number?
- Companies importing goods from outside the EU (for example China, the USA, the UK or Norway)
- Companies exporting goods out of the EU
- Companies involved in transit or other customs procedures
Trade with other EU countries (such as Finland, Latvia or Germany) does not require an EORI number, as there are no customs within the single market.
A branch uses the EORI number of its parent company. A private person ordering goods occasionally may not need an EORI number — ask us about your situation.
How to apply for an EORI number in Estonia
- Sign in to e-MTA, the e-service of the Estonian Tax and Customs Board.
- Select “Customs” → “Rights and obligations” → “Economic operators registration and identification number (EORI)”.
- Fill in and submit the application. A company representative needs the relevant access permission in e-MTA.
- Without e-MTA access, you can submit the application at a Tax and Customs Board service office.
Applying is free. We recommend applying before your first shipment leaves, so the goods are not held up at customs.
What if the goods are already on their way?
Let us know straight away. We will help you submit the application quickly and arrange customs clearance so the goods move on as soon as possible. Read more about our customs clearance service.
Frequently asked questions
Does an EORI number cost anything?
No. Applying for an EORI number from the Estonian Tax and Customs Board is free.
Do I need an EORI number if I buy goods from Germany?
No. Trade within the EU involves no customs clearance, so no EORI number is needed. It is required for imports from outside the EU and exports out of the EU.
Is an EORI number issued in another EU country valid in Estonia?
Yes. An EORI number is valid in all EU member states, so there is no need to apply for a new one in Estonia.
Can a freight forwarder make the customs declaration for me?
Yes. We represent you at customs and prepare the declaration, but your company's EORI number is stated on it.
Read also: Customs clearance